El capital social organizacional de la pequeña empresa innovadora. Un ensayo de medición en las ciudades de Cali y Medellín

• Ruth Esperanza Román Castillo ^[1] ; Alina Gómez Mejía ^[2] ; Alí Smida ^[3]
  1. [1] Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas

     Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas

     Colombia

     
  2. [2] Pontífica Universidad Javeriana

     Pontífica Universidad Javeriana

     Colombia

     
  3. [3] Paris 13 University

     Paris 13 University

     Arrondissement de Saint-Denis, Francia

     

  Mostrar afiliaciones +
• Localización: Estudios Gerenciales: Journal of Management and Economics for Iberoamerica, ISSN 0123-5923, Vol. 29, Nº. 128, 2013, págs. 356-367
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.1016/j.estger.2013.09.010
• Títulos paralelos:
  • O capital social organizacional da pequena empresa inovadora. Um ensaio de medição nas cidade de Cali e Medellín
  • The organizational social capital of the innovative small enterprise. A study on its measurement in the cities of Cali and Medellin
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Dialnet Métricas: 6 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    Este artículo realiza una aplicación del concepto de capital social en el ámbito organizacional. Se propone un instrumento de medición de los aspectos culturales de este capital inmaterial empleando una escala tipo Likert. El cuestionario fue aplicado a una muestra de pequeñas empresas con perfil innovador de Cali y Medellín (Colombia). Las mediciones promedio obtenidas y el análisis de la correlación entre diferentes variables del estudio permiten concluir que las empresas analizadas tienen una percepción positiva de la calidad de sus relaciones sociales internas, así como de aquellas sostenidas con las partes interesadas del entorno. No obstante, se identifican debilidades sobre las cuales puede trabajarse para mejorar sus competencias colectivas y convertir este capital en un vehículo más efectivo para la innovación y en una base sostenible de competitividad.

  • English

    This paper applies the concept of social capital in organizations. A tool for measuring the cultural aspects of this intangible capital is proposed using a Likert-type scale. A questionnaire was applied to a sample of small enterprises with an innovator profile in Cali and Medellin (Colombia). The average measurements obtained and the analysis of correlations between the different variables in this study led us to conclude that these enterprises have a positive perception of the quality of their internal social relationships, as well as those maintained with their stakeholders. However, we identified certain weaknesses which could be modified in order to improve the collective competences of these firms so that they may become an effective vehicle for innovating and creating sustained competitive bases.

  • português

    Este artigo aplica o conceito de capital social a nível organizacional. Propõe-se um instrumento de medição dos aspectos culturais deste capital imaterial usando uma escala tipo Likert. O questionário foi aplicado a uma amostra de pequenas empresas com perfil inovador de Cali e Medellín (Colômbia). As medições médias obtidas e a análise de correlação entre as diferentes variáveis do estudo permitem concluir que as empresas analisadas têm uma percepção positiva da qualidade das suas relações sociais internas, assim como das mantidas com as partes interessadas do meio. E identificam-se debilidades sobre as quais se pode trabalhar para melhorar as suas competências colectivas e transformar este capital num veículo mais eficaz para a inovação numa base sustentável de competitividade.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Adam, F. y Roncěvić, B. (2003). Social Capital: Recent Debates and Research Trends. Social Science Information, 42, 155-183.
  • Adler, P.S. y Kwon, S.W. (2002). Social Capital: Prospects for a New Concept. Academy of Management Review, 27, 17-40.
  • Ahuja, G. (2000). Collaboration Networks, Structural Holes, and Innovation: A Longitudinal Study. Administrative Science Quarterly, 45, 425-455.
  • Alguezaui, S. y Filieri, R. (2010). Investigating the Role of Social Capital in Innovation: Sparse versus Dense Network. Journal of Knowledge...
  • Amit, R. y Schoemaker, P. (1993). Strategic Assets and Organizational Rent. Strategic Management Journal, 14, 33-46.
  • Andriessen, D. y Gubbins, C. (2009). Metaphor Analysis as an Approach for Exploring Theoretical Concepts: the Case of Social Capital. Organization...
  • Anderson, A. y Miller, C. (2003). Class matters: human and social capital in the entrepreneurial process. Journal of Socio-Economics, 32,...
  • Apostolidis, T. (2003). Représentations Sociales et Triangulation: Enjeux Théorico-Méthodologiques. En: Abric, J.C. Méthodes d'étude des...
  • Ballet, J. (2005). Stakeholders et capital social. Revue Française de Gestion, 156, 77-91. Baret, C. y Soto, A. (2004). Apports et limites...
  • Barney, J. (1991). Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, 17, 99-120.
  • Bilhuber, E. (2009). Strategic Alignment of Leadership Development. Realizing the Value of Internal Social Capital for Cross Business Collaboration....
  • Borgatti, S. y Jones, C. (1998). Network Measures of Social Capital. Connections, 21, 27-36.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1986). ''The Forms of Capital''. En: Richardson J.G. (ed.). Handbook of Theory of Research for the Sociology...
  • Bouteiller, C. y Assens, C. (2004). Mesurer la création de valeur réticulaire. En: 4 Colloque Métamorphose des Organisations Logique de Création,...
  • Bowman, E.H., Singh, H. y Thomas, H. 2002. The Domain of Strategic Management: History and Evaluation. En: Pettigrew, A., Thomas, H. y Whittington,...
  • Brinkley, I. (2006). Defining the Knowledge Economy. Londres: The Work Foundation. Burakova, M. y Bouzdine, T. (2003). Examining the Role...
  • Chesbrough, H.W. (2003). Open Innovation. Boston: Harvard Business School Press. CIC-IADE (2003). Modelo Intellectus: Medición y gestión del...
  • Coleman J.S. (1988). Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital. The American Journal of Sociology, 94, Supplement: Organizations and...
  • Cooke, P. y Wills, D. (1999). Small Firms, Social Capital and the Enhancement of Business Performance through Innovation Programmes. Small...
  • Dyer, J.H. y Singh, H. (1998). The Relational View: Cooperative Strategy and Sources of Interorganizational Competitive Advantage. The Academy...
  • Esser, H. (2008). ''The Two Meanings of Social Capital''. En: Castiglione, D. y Van Deth, J.W. The Handbook of Social Capital....
  • Furrer, O. Thomas, H. y Goussevskaia, A. (2008). The Structure and Evolution of the Strategic Management Field: A Content Analysis of 26 Years...
  • Greve, A. y Salaff, J. (2001). ''The Development of Corporate Social Capital in Complex Innovation Processes''. En: Gabbay,...
  • Grueso, M.P., Gómez, J.H. y Garay, L. (2011). Redes Empresariales e Innovación: el caso de una red del sector cosmético en Bogotá (Colombia)....
  • Hall, R. (1992). The Strategic Analysis of Intangible Resources. Strategic Management Journal, 13, 135-144.
  • Herbert, M. (2006). Comportement de l'individu questionne. Le cas du consommateur. Cahiers du Laboratoire de Recherche sur l'Industrie...
  • Johnson, N., Suárez, R. y Lundy, M. (2003). La importancia del capital social de las agroempresas rurales de Colombia. CAPRi Documento de...
  • Jacobs, J. (1961). The Death and Life of Great American Cities. Nueva York: Random House.
  • Krishna, A. y Shrader, E. (1999). Social Capital Assessment Tool. Prepared for the Conference on Social Capital and Poverty Reduction. Washington,...
  • Landry, R., Amara, N. y Lamari, M. (2002). Does Social Capital Determine Innovation? To What Extent? Technological Forecasting & Social...
  • Lasso, N. y Cardona J.F. (2010). El capital social en un grupo de microempresarios de la ciudad de Pereira. Revista Nacional de Investigación...
  • Leana, C. y Pil, F. (2006). Social Capital and Organizational Performan Evidence from Urban Public Schools. Organization Science, 17, 353-366.
  • Leana, C. y Van Buren, H. (1999). Organizational Social Capital and Employment Practices. The Academy of Management Review, 24, 538-555.
  • Malaver, F. y Vargas, M. (2004). El comportamiento innovador en la industria colombiana: una exploración de sus recientes cambios. Cuadernos...
  • Martín de Castro, G., Alama, E.M., López, P. y Navas, J.E. (2009). El capital relacional como fuente de innovación tecnológica. Innovar, 19,...
  • Nag, R., Hambrick, D. y Chen M-J. (2007). What is Strategic Management, Really? Inductive Derivation of a Consensus Definition of the Field....
  • Nahapiet, J. y Ghoshal, L. (1998). Social Capital, Intellectual Capital and the Organizational Advantage. Academy of Management Review, 23,...
  • Neely, A. y Hii, J. (1998). Innovation and Business Performan a Literature Review. The Judge Institute of Management Studies, University of...
  • Oh, H., Labianca, G. y Chung, M. (2006). Multilevel Model of Group Social Capital. Academy of Management Review, 31, 569-582.
  • Persais, É. (2004). Les compétences relationnelles peuvent-elles s'avérer stratégiques? Revue Française de Gestion, 158, 119-145.
  • Putnam, R.D. (1993). The Prosperous Community: Social Capital and Public Life. American Prospect, 13, 35-42.
  • Putman, R.D. (2000). Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. Nueva York: Ed. Simon and Schuster.
  • Román, R.E. y Smida, A. (2009). El rol del capital social del emprendedor en la expansión exitosa de una start-up. El caso de ''Hipertexto...
  • Ruuskanen, P. (2004). Social Capital and Innovations in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises, DRUID Summer Conference 2004. Disponible en: http://academic.research.microsoft.com.
  • Sandefur, G. Meier, A.M. y Campbell, M.E. (2006). Family resources, social capital, and college attendance. Social Science Research, 35, 525-533.
  • Sherif, K., Hoffman, J. y Thomas, B. (2006). Can Technology Build Organizational Social Capital? The Case of a Global IT Consulting Firm....
  • Sveiby, K.E. (2000). Knowledge Management: La nouvelle richesse des entreprises. Savoir tirer profit des actifs immatériels de sa société....
  • Spence, L., Schmidpeter, R. y Habish, A. (2003). Assessing Social Capital: Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in Germany and the U.K. Journal...
  • Simon, F. y Tellier, A. (2008). Créativité et réseaux sociaux dans l'organisation ambidextre. Revue Française de Gestion, 7, 145-159.
  • Somaya, D. Williamson, I.O. y Lorinkova, N. (2008). Gone but not Lost: the Different Performance Impacts of Employee Moblility between Cooperators...
  • Stone, W. y Hughes, J. (2002). Social Capital, Empirical Meaning and Measurement Validity, Research Paper, 27. Australian Institute of Family...
  • Thiètart, R.A. (1999). Méthodes de recherche en management. Paris: Dunod.
  • Torres, L.M., Castellanos, O.F. y Salgado, C.A. (2007). Evaluación de la innovación tecnológica de las Mipymes colombianas. Parte 2: Problemática...
  • Tsai, W. y Ghoshal, S. (1998). Social Capital and Value Creation: the Role of Intrafirm Networks. Academy of Management Journal, 41, 464-476.
  • Van Deth, J.W. (2008). Measuring Social Capital. En: Castiglione, D. y Van Deth, J. W. The Handbook of Social Capital. Nueva York: Oxford...
  • Watson, G. W. y Papamarcos, S. D. (2002). Social Capital and Organizational Commitment. Journal of Business and Psychology, 16, 537-552.
  • Westerlund, M. y Svahn, S. (2008). A Relationship Value Perspective of Social Capital in Networks of Software SMEs. Industrial Marketing Management,...