Acceso usuarios
Adrián Dios Vicente
A transformación do mix eléctrico nas últimas décadas foi un dos piares fundamentais da estratexia empresarial no sector enerxético. Tendo en conta as enormes diferenzas entre países, a escasa conexión eléctrica europea e o grao de concentración empresarial, avalíase a evolución en 6 países europeos. O presente estudo realiza unha análise descritiva desta transformación, tendo en conta a evolución de diversas variables cuantitativas no sector. As evolucións son dispares, baseadas moitas veces en realidades estatais diferentes. A mesma estrutura do sector, dende mercados liberalizados e teoricamente en competencia con outros regulados e baseados en campións nacionais como grandes empresas eléctricas que controlan boa parte do sector impide realidades semellantes, malia que a regulación europea trata de homologar a realidade continental para o sector. Do mesmo xeito, as transformacións internacionais teñen un impacto determinante na toma de decisións semellantes do sector, malia que moitas veces con estratexias dispares. En particular, a redución do consumo de fuel oil para a produción e a introdución de novas tecnoloxías renovables son procesos comúns por múltiples empresas. O presente traballo trata tamén de realizar un estudo comparativo, dende unha perspectiva rexional, dunha importante empresa eléctrica como Unión Fenosa con parte da contorna europea nos anos de vida da compañía, entre 1982 e 2007.
The transformation of the electric mix in the last decades has been one of the fundamental pillars of the business strategy in the energy sector. Taking into account the huge differences between countries, the low European electricity connection and the degree of business concentration, the evolution in 6 European countries is evaluated. The present study performs a descriptive analysis of this transformation, taking into account the evolution of various quantitative variables in the sector. The evolutions are disparate, based on many occasions in different state realities. The very structure of the sector, from liberalized markets and theoretically in competition to others regulated and based on national champions such as large electricity companies that control a large part of the sector, prevents similar realities, although European regulation tries to standardize the continental reality for the sector. In the same way, international transformations do have a decisive impact in making similar decisions in the sector, although often with disparate strategies. In particular, the reduction of fuel oil consumption for production and the introduction of new renewable technologies are common processes by multiple companies. The present work also tries to perform a comparative study, from a regional perspective, of an important electricity company such as Unión Fenosa with part of the European environment in the years of the company's life, between 1982 and 2007.
