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The rejection by current global labor history of Marxist political economy, and replacing of its class analysis with a more inclusive concept of “proletarian multiverse,” both have serious political and theoretical implications. In keeping with similarly broad categories (“subaltern,” “multitude”) advocated by the “new” populist postmodernism, among the key components regarded by global labor history as agents of a progressive anti-capitalist mobilization are undifferentiated peasants and the lumpenproletariat. However, since the latter categories are generally hostile not to capitalism but to socialism, their agency cannot be seen as progressive, let alone revolutionary.
