(Des)Igualdad de oportunidades y movilidad social

• Autores: Borja Barragué Calvo
• Localización: Anuario de la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, ISSN 1575-8427, Nº. 20, 2016 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Desigualdad y riqueza / Borja Barragué Calvo (ed. lit.) , María Isabel Sáez Lacave (ed. lit.)), págs. 159-172
• Idioma: español
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • English

    En la filosofía y economía normativas se ha alcanzado un consenso amplio acerca de las exigencias de la justicia distributiva, según el cual los poderes públicos deberían intervenir para corregir las desigualdades, debidas a factores irrelevantes desde un punto de vista moral como nuestro origen social, pero dejar intactas las desigualdades debidas a nuestro esfuerxo. Es decir, el objetivo de la acción del poder público debería ser la igualdad de oportunidades, no de resultados. Tras un desbroce analítico donde se distinguen dos concepciones muy distintas de la igualdad de oportunidades, el artículo concluye que en las sociedades contemporáneas existe un amplio espacio para la justificación de políticas tendentes a la igualación de resultados, incluso si nuestro objetivo es la igualdad de oportunidades.

  • English

    Drawing primarily on the normative ethics and welfare economics literature on equality of opportunity, there is now widespread consensus on the basic principle of distributive justice: inequalities due to circumstances beyond people's control are unfair (and should be compensated for), while inequalities due to differing efforts are not seen as having ethical or policy salience. That is to say governments should pursue equality of opportunity, not equality of outcome. After an analytical distinction where two very different conceptions of equality of opportunity are discussed, the article concludes that in today's societies there is broad justification for (some) equality of outcome - even if our goal is equality of opportunity.

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