Herramientas de cribado para la detección de retrasos o trastornos en el desarrollo: Una revisión sistemática de la literatura

• Alcantud Marín, Francisco ^[1] ; Alonso Esteban, Yurena ^[1] ; Rico Bañón, Darío ^[1]
  1. [1] Universitat de València

     Universitat de València

     Valencia, España

     
• Localización: Revista Española de Discapacidad (REDIS), ISSN-e 2340-5104, Vol. 3, Nº. 2, 2015 (Ejemplar dedicado a: REVISTA ESPAÑOLA DE DISCAPACIDAD), págs. 7-26
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.5569/2340-5104.03.02.01
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Screening tools for detection of delays or developmental disorders: a systematic review of the literature
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Dialnet Métricas: 2 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    El objetivo del artículo es analizar los diferentes instrumentos de detección de trastornos o retraso en el desarrollo para valorar la calidad y aplicabilidad de los mismos. Se realiza una revisión sistemática de las publicaciones científicas publicadas en los últimos 25 años (1990-2014) e indexadas en bases de datos internacionales disponibles en línea. El estudio se limita a herramientas de detección basadas en cuestionarios, tests o sistemas de observación de la conducta del niño. Las herramientas o sistemas analizados son valorados según una escala de calidad construida “ad hoc”. Los resultados demuestran una gran variabilidad de herramientas y sistemas de detección, muchos de ellos son cuestionarios de investigación, otros son herramientas de diagnóstico utilizadas con fines de detección. Se pueden clasificar en dos grandes bloques, los construidos en base a los hitos evolutivos cuyo incumplimiento temporal puede significar un retraso en el desarrollo y aquellos otros que, asumiendo el primer principio han seleccionado los hitos que pueden ser precursores de trastornos del desarrollo. En las conclusiones se realizan recomendaciones para la validación de los sistemas de detección en España y la construcción de nuevos.

  • English

    The goal of this article is to analyze the quality and applicability screening instruments aimed at detecting developmental delays or disorders. A systematic review of the scientific literature published during the last 25 years (1990-2014) retrieved from different databases is carried out. The study is limited to detection systems based on questionnaires, tests or observation of children`s behavior. The analyzed systems are rated on a scale of quality built “ad hoc”. The results show a high variability of tools and detection systems, many of which are research questionnaires, while others are diagnostic tools used for screening purposes. They can be classified in two large groups of instruments: 1), the ones based on developmental milestones whose temporary failure can mean a delay in the development and 2), those who, assuming the first principle, have identified the milestones that can be precursors of developmental disorders. In the conclusions, recommendations are offered regarding the validation of screening systems in Spain and for the construction of new ones.

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