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This article compares “synchronic variation of language choice” (see Gal 1979) in the populations of six bilingual national minorities living in Hungary. A special focus is on the mechanisms and factors of sustainable bilingualism represented in the various local communities of Hungary’s national minorities. We compared phases in the gradual process of language shift observable in each of the six national minority populations. The national minorities are represented in this survey study by six local communities (one for each national minority). We chose local communities where the language shift process is in the “middle”, compared to other communities of the same national minority. The results were derived from a collective project, started in 2001, which was a comparative sociolinguistic study conducted in Hungary’s six national (bilingual) minorities (hereafter HuBiLing)
