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Conceptual changes in the American classification of mental illnesses (DSM): scientific, economic and political issuesThe American classification of mental illnesses, known as the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual), is an example of knowledge classification where shifts in conceptions have been unusually frequent. Since the major revision in 1980 that produced DSM-III, the DSM has claimed to be scientific, universal and founded on biology. This article points out the current DSM paradox : while the most eminent scientists question its scientific basis, ever-increasing numbers of people taking the concept on board are now using it as a common language that is tending to become universal.
La classification américaine des maladies mentales, connue par son acronyme, le DSM, est un exemple de classification des savoirs particulièrement riche en revirements conceptuels. Depuis le virage du DSM-III en 1980, il se veut scientifique, universel et fondé sur la biologie. L’article pointe l’actuel paradoxe du DSM : alors que les scientifiques les plus éminents questionnent sa scientificité, ses utilisateurs toujours plus nombreux en font un langage commun et qui tend à s’universaliser.
