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This text is a critical review of the “ rentier state ” and the “ resource curse ” theories ; the theore- tical mainstream claims that “ rent generates autho- ritarianism and hinders democracy ” . The popular uprisings that have occurred since January 2011 in the so called Arab “ rentier states ” reveal the dead end of this analytical scheme of intelligibility : the allocation of rent revenues has failed to “ buy-off ” dissent, it has no more “ thwart ” the popular demands for accountability, it has also not provide the State an alleged political “ autonomy ” . The article seeks, in a first part, to present the axioms and causal mechanisms of the two theories. The text shows, in the second part, the biases and para- doxes that conceal the theoretical mainstream that connects the two dominant paradigms.
