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The Problem of Self Determination [MICHAEL KEATING] Self determination is a contentious and complex subject, with various dimensions. At one level it is a moral question. However, once we attempt to apply this, we come up against a series of philosophical questions. Who is the subject of the right? How do we define this subject? What do we do when the right of self-determination of one group collides with that of another? It is also a juridical question. Is there, or can there be a legal framework in state or international law, to define and regulate the right of self-determination? Finally, there is a political question. How can we reconcile conflicting demands and rights? Can this be done without sacrificing the benefits of liberal democracy and political competition? This article focuses on this issue from three angles: the historical, the normative, and the future, arguing that the uniform, Jacobin state is only one version of the democratic state, that it is the product of a specific historical era, and that in the emerging state order, especially in Europe, there are other ways to think about the issue of self-determination.
