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El estudio que se presenta plantea un análisis dinámico de grupos estratégicos en las cajas de ahorro españolas con el propósito de ahondar en el conocimiento de los grupos estratégicos en periodos de inestabilidad estratégica. Con ese objetivo planteamos el estudio para dos tramos temporales, uno estratégicamente inestable (1986-1991) y otro caracterizado por la estabilidad en las condiciones del entorno en las que operan las cajas de ahorro españolas (1992-1997). Los resultados de la investigación muestran que existen grupos estratégicos en los dos periodos considerados a la vez que se aprecian movimientos de reorientación estratégica en el periodo inestable y procesos de convergencia en el tramo temporal de estabilidad ambiental
The paper tries to confirm or reject three hypotheses: do exist strategic groups in unstable intervals?, do saving banks follow different strategic behavior depending on environment stability or instability? And which is their incidence on the performance?. Thus, our paper develops a dynamic analysis of strategic groups for Spanish saving banks in two separate periods of time: 1986 to 1991 -unstable period-, and 1992 to 1997 -stable period-. We have applied three statistical techniques: cluster analysis, discriminant analysis and Anova. We have found strategic groups either in the unstable period or in the stable one. The results of our empirical study show changes in the number of groups identified, in their composition and in their characterization. Saving banks have changed to survive during the unstable interval which it is in agreement with Bresser et al. (1994) results of individual strategic reorientation on unstable times. In the stable period, there is a convergence process among strategic groups that confirms our initial hypothesis. There are differences on the performance in first period, there are not in the second one
