The development and validation of a measurement instrument for assessing empathy and cultural diversity in a Spanish context

• Machancoses, F.H. ^[1] ; Rubio-Alcalá, F.D. ^[2] ; Flor-Arasil, P. ^[3]
  1. [1] Universitat Jaume I

     Universitat Jaume I

     Castellón, España

     
  2. [2] Universidad de Huelva

     Universidad de Huelva

     Huelva, España

     
  3. [3] Universidad Internacional de Valencia

     Universidad Internacional de Valencia

     Valencia, España

     

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• Localización: International journal of multilingualism, ISSN 1479-0718, Vol. 23, Nº. 3, 2026, págs. 2042-2055
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.1080/14790718.2025.2578411
• Texto completo no disponible (Saber más ...)
• Resumen

  • The Everyday Multicultural Competencies/Revised Scale of Ethnocultural Empathy (EMC/RSEE) assesses various dimensions related to intercultural interactions, including cultural openness, awareness of racism, empathy, resentment, and anxiety. The adaptation and validation of the EMC/RSEE in a Spanish sample will provide a valuable tool for researchers and practitioners interested in measuring intercultural competence in Spain, particularly in formal educational settings. A total of 533 multilingual students, all native Spanish, participated in this study, recruited from various Spanish universities ranging in age from 18 to 55 years (M = 22.47; SD = 4.59). The internal consistency and a Confirmatory Factor Analysis were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics v.29 and EQS 6.4. The internal consistency indices for each dimension are similar to those reported in Finck et al. The 5-factor model proposed by them falls short of the desired threshold in SEM fit indices, and a second-order two-factor model is also inadequate too. Rather than a single scale with 5 dimensions, it appears that we are dealing with two scales: a ‘Cultural and Empathic Engagement’ scale with a positive orientation towards different cultures, and a ‘Cultural Tension and Self-Efficacy Concerns’ scale with a more negative orientation.

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