Resumen de Invisible bias at the border: algorithmic discrimination and the erosion of equality in cross-border digital trade

Juan Pablo Gómez Moreno

• This article explores how algorithmic discrimination is reshaping global commerce and testing the loundations of international trade law. It argues that as Al increasingly mediares cross-border digital trade, discriminatory patterns encoded in algorithms challenge core trade principies, particularly non-discrimination. The study identifies how trade agreements, including WTO and regional frameworks, are ill-equipped to address algorithmic bias, often reinforcing structural inequities. lt analyses key issues such as market access, data governance, and the weakening of MFN principies due to selective data-sharing practices. Drawing on case studies and emergingjurisprudence, it also assesses potential defences States may invoke under general exceptions and public morals clauses. The article ultimately calls for a normative and institucional reframing of internacional economic law - one that embedsalgorithmic accountability, promotes inclusive governance, and aligns trade commitments with the evolving realities of Al-driven markets. The work highlights the particular vulnerability of Global South countries in chis emerging «digital borden, regime.