Acceso usuarios
Violed Soleyde Roldán Espinal, Luis Orlando Toro Garzón, Mónica María Bustamante Rua
This study is guided by the general objective of solving the hermeneutical enigma of false positives based on the international human rights system and its impact on the Colombian military criminal jurisdiction-FPMP. The fundamental question arises in the substantial and procedural scenario of determining what are the legal criteria in the context of human rights and criminal law of local and international order to govern this expression of false positives in the courts of justice and in relation to the FPMP?In order to shed light on the hermeneutical uncertainty raised, a review is made of the general aspects of false positives and the democratic security policy of the national government in the period between 2002 and 2010, various positions regarding false positives and their criminal classification are reviewed, false positives are explored in relation to the Inter-American System for the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights, homicide of a protected person is examined as a criminal conduct that best fits false positives, an analysis is made of the dogmatics of crimes against humanity in the face of the Colombian armed conflict and finally a logical bridge is made with the military and police criminal jurisdiction -FPMP- in communication with false positives.To manage the thematic axes from the methodological point of view, the qualitative approach and a type of basic legal study of exploration, descriptive and propositional order are used. As a relevant result, it is concluded, among others, that false positives are clear violations of human rights of international custody, and that these are not classified as crimes, but are adapted to the Colombian penal code as homicide of a protected person mainly and in the international criminal order as crimes against humanity because they are related to the Colombian internal conflict. It is also highlighted that the natural judge for this type of conduct is common criminal jurisdiction and, additionally, international criminal jurisdiction through the International Criminal Court
El objetivo general del presente estudio se orienta a resolver el enigma hermenéutico de los falsos positivos a partir del sistema internacional de derechos humanos y su incidencia en el fuero penal militar colombiano (FPMP). La pregunta de fundamento se presenta en el escenario sustancial y procesal: ¿Cuáles son los criterios jurídicos de comprensión en los contextos local e internacional de los derechos humanos y el derecho penal para gobernar la expresión falsos positivos en sede de justicia y en relación con el FPMP? Para dar luz a la incertidumbre hermenéutica planteada se acude a la revisión de los aspectos generales de los falsos positivos y de la política de seguridad democrática del Gobierno nacional en el lapso comprendido entre 2002 y 2010. Se revisan diversas posturas en torno a los falsos positivos y su tipicidad penal, se explora sobre los falsos positivos en relación con el Sistema Interamericano de Promoción y Protección de los Derechos Humanos, se particulariza sobre el homicidio en persona protegida como conducta delictual de mayor encaje en los falsos positivos, se analiza la dogmática de los delitos de lesa humanidad frente al conflicto armado colombiano y, por último, se hace puente lógico con el fuero penal militar y policial (FPMP) en relación con los falsos positivos.
