The paper, taking step from a recent decison of Corte di Cas-sazione, analyses case law on fair wages. Basically, the Author tries to demonstrate the existance of constitutional limits to the discre-tionary powers of the Courts in establishing fair wages, such as those contained in anides 36,3 and 41 of the Constitution. Finally, the Author takes into consideration juridical instruments the adoption of wich would be able to favour a diversification on a re¬gional basis of pay structures so as to (try to) solve the occupatio-nal crises in the South of Italy.