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México
Entre 1911 y 1916 se dio una persecución de los chinos residentes en Coahuila, Chihuahua y Sonora. Ante el vacío legal e institucional provocado por la guerra, hubo revolucionarios y multitudes urbanas que pudieron manifestar violentamente su rechazo a la presencia de los chinos en sus entidades, lo cual sugiere que muchos de ellos ya compartían el estereotipo negativo que se había formado acerca de los chinos durante el porfiriato. Estos actos de saqueo, robo, maltrato y asesinato, a su vez, constituyeron el fundamento de la movilización social antichina posterior, que buscó expulsarlos del país. Por lo demás, el nacionalismo con fundamento racial de la nueva élite política explica que no se opusiera abiertamente a tal persecución.
Between 1911 and 1916 there was a persecution of Chinese re-sidents in Coahuila, Chihuahua, and Sonora. Given the legal and institu-tional vacuum created by the war, there were revolutionaries and urban crowds who were able to violently express their rejection of the presence of Chinese in their states, which suggests that many of them already sha-red the negative stereotype that had been formed of the Chinese during the Porfiriato. These acts of looting, theft, mistreatment, and murder, in turn, formed the basis of the subsequent anti-Chinese social mobiliza-tion, which sought to expel them from the country. Furthermore, the racially-based nationalism of the new political elite explains why it did not openly oppose such persecution.
