Resumen de Cultural identity, foreign language peace of mind, motivation for language learning, and perceived Arabic language proficiency of international students in Saudi Arabia: does age matter?

Saud Mohammed F. Alenezi

• This study investigates how motivation for language learning mediates the effects of cultural identity (ethnic and Saudi) and foreign language peace of mind on perceived Arabic proficiency among international students in Saudi Arabia. It also examines age differences in these relationships. A survey of 415 international students at Saudi universities was analysed using Partial Least Squares Multi-Group Analysis. Cultural ethnic identity, Saudi identity, and language peace of mind positively influenced perceived Arabic proficiency, with motivation mediating these effects. Age differences were found – ethnic identity and language peace of mind effects on motivation and proficiency were weaker for older students, while Saudi identity's effect on proficiency was stronger. Findings suggest fostering cultural inclusivity, addressing language anxieties, enhancing motivation through relevant curricula/activities, and tailoring approaches for different age groups to improve language education for international students.