Acceso usuarios
Este artículo propone evidenciar la permanencia de desigualdades estructurales en las condiciones para caminar y en el acceso peatonal a la ciudad en Buenos Aires, São Paulo y Montevideo, tres metrópolis marcadas por distintas formas de injusticia territorial. A partir de las encuestas de Origen-Destino más recientes (2016, 2017 y 2018, respectivamente), se compara el reparto modal de la caminata según el género, el nivel socioeconómico y el lugar de residencia (centro o periferia), así como la estructura familiar (con o sin niños). Los resultados muestran la relevancia de las encuestas O-D como herramientas clave para visibilizar desigualdades persistentes y orientar políticas hacia una movilidad más justa y ciudades más inclusivas. En este sentido, caminar no es una práctica neutra, sino una experiencia condicionada por desigualdades de género, ingreso y territorio.
This article comparatively analyzes walkability in Buenos Aires, São Paulo, and Montevideo based on the most recent Origin-Destination surveys (2016, 2017, and 2018, respectively), with the goal of understanding how and where walking is more or less possible in unequal urban contexts. The research crosses pedestrian mobility data with territorial information drawn from O-D surveys, focusing on comparisons between center and periphery, different household arrangements, and the extremes of socioeconomic distribution, in order to reveal structural inequalities in pedestrian access to the city. Walking is understood as a daily practice embodied in the body, shaped by emotions, time, and material conditions that differ between men and women. This ambivalence is expressed both in walking as a healthy and accessible option and in its experience as a forced choice due to the lack of efficient, safe, or comfortable alternatives - especially among low-income women. The analysis also questions the place of walking in public policy, highlighting how certain urban decisions can perpetuate or transform territorial injustices. Thus, the relevance of O-D surveys is reinforced as key tools for making inequalities visible and guiding policies toward fairer mobility.
