Advancing green steel technologies for sustainable and low-carbon steel production

• Autores: Ricardo Luiz Perez Teixeira
• Localización: International Journal of Professional Business Review: Int. J. Prof.Bus. Rev., ISSN 2525-3654, ISSN-e 2525-3654, Vol. 10, Nº. 10, 2025 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Continuous publication)
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.26668/businessreview/2025.v10i10.5666
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen

  • Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate green steel technologies and to compare emissions, energy use, and costs across different production routes.

      Theoretical Framework: The research is grounded in sustainability and decarbonization frameworks, with a focus on the circular economy and carbon pricing as guiding concepts.

      Method: A systematic literature review was carried out under PRISMA guidelines, analyzing peer-reviewed studies (2020–2025) and industry reports with metrics such as CO₂/t, GJ/t, and $/t.

      Results and Discussion: Results show BF-BOF emits ~2.3 tCO₂/t with 20 GJ/t, while H₂-DRI–EAF achieves 0.4–0.8 tCO₂/t and 12–15 GJ/t, with CCS retrofits reducing emissions by up to 61%.

      Research Implications: The study highlights cost barriers, regional scrap availability, and the role of carbon pricing and a circular economy in facilitating the production of green steel.

      Originality/Value: This review consolidates quantitative evidence on hydrogen reduction, renewable-powered EAFs, and CCS, offering integrated insights for net-zero steelmaking.

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