Arrojando luz sobre la competitividad global mediante el análisis de la competitividad regional dentro de la Unión Monetaria Europea

• Emilio J. González González ^[1] ; Rubén Mora Ruano ^[2] ; Susana Cortés Rodríguez ^[3] ; Olga Butenko Nesterenko ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Nebrija

     Universidad Nebrija

     Madrid, España

     
  2. [2] Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

     Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

     Madrid, España

     
  3. [3] Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia

     Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia

     Madrid, España

     

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• Localización: Revista de economía mundial, ISSN 1576-0162, Nº 70, 2025, págs. 57-82
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Shedding light on global competitiveness by analyzing regional competitiveness within the european monetary union
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• Resumen
  • español

    No existe una literatura extensa que relacione la competitividad regional en una unión monetaria. Se contribuye al debate sobre la medición de la competitividad en una unión monetaria incorporando la dimensión territorial. Se desarrolla una medida novedosa de los tipos de cambio reales regionales como aproximación de la competitividad regional analizando 127 regiones europeas durante el periodo 2003-2021. Los resultados ponen de relieve dos aspectos clave: se observa una distribución geográfica del tipo de cambio real, lo que indicaría que la competitividad regional no sólo está desigualmente distribuida entre las regiones, sino que también evoluciona con el tiempo. Además, se identifica la existencia de efecto vecindad a través de dependencia espacial, en la que la competitividad de una región concreta se ve influenciada por la de las regiones vecinas.

  • English

    A review of the current literature reveals a lack of studies that directly address the relationship between regional competitiveness and monetary union. We make a contribution to the debate on the measurement of competitiveness in a monetary union by incorporating the territorial dimension. We develop a novel measure of regional real exchange rates as a proxy of regional competitiveness, analysing 127 Eurozone regions over the period 2003–2021. The findings of our study offer two key insights. First, we observe a geographical distribution of the real exchange rate, indicating that regional competitiveness is not only unevenly distributed across regions but also evolves over time. Secondly, we identify neighbouring effects from spatial dependence, which demonstrates that the competitiveness of a given region is influenced by that of neighbouring regions.

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