Revisión sistemática de iniciativas que promueven la accesibilidad universal

• José Patricio Muñoz Cordones ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Chile

     Universidad de Chile

     Santiago, Chile

     
• Localización: Revista Española de Discapacidad (REDIS), ISSN-e 2340-5104, Vol. 12, Nº. 2, 2024, págs. 185-214
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Systematic review of initiatives promoting universal accessibility
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen

  • La accesibilidad universal es fundamental para fomentar la autonomía e inclusión social, pero su diseño e implementación enfrentan importantes desafíos. Estas dificultades surgen de la interacción entre las capacidades físicas, sensoriales y cognitivas de las personas y las características físicas, comunicacionales y simbólicas de los bienes, servicios y entornos. Este artículo presenta pautas generales para mejorar la accesibilidad, basadas en una revisión sistemática de la literatura que responde a las siguientes preguntas de investigación: ¿Cuáles son los temas más frecuentes asociados a iniciativas que promueven la accesibilidad universal? ¿Qué tipo de iniciativas se implementan para mejorar la accesibilidad? La revisión incluye un análisis de 148 artículos publicados entre 2013 y 2023 en Scielo, Scopus y Web of Science. En el presente documento se describen iniciativas que promueven el diseño universal de productos, servicios y entornos, junto con lineamientos específicos para mejorar la accesibilidad en el tránsito peatonal, edificios públicos, medios de transporte, viviendas, y recursos digitales y tecnológicos. Además, se profundizan aspectos relacionados con la accesibilidad a entornos físicos, comunicacionales, sociales, culturales, educacionales y turísticos.

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