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Between 1941 and 1971, Indian life expectancy at birth increased from 33 years to 51 years. This increase in life expectancy was a stark departure from the past and occurred at a faster rate than any past gains. However, this achievement was modest when compared to other developing parts of the world where life expectancy increased earlier and faster. Notably, in this period income did not significantly impact life expectancy, nor did improvements in public health facilities, personnel, and sanitation. Instead, life expectancy rose as deaths from malaria decreased, thanks to the success of the National Malaria Control and Eradication Programmes supported by the WHO Global Malaria Eradication Programme.
