Perfeccionismo desadaptativo e ansiedade cognitiva face a provas em universitários brasileiros: o papel do sexo e da idade

• Nascimento da Silva, Paulo Gregório Nascimento ^[1] ; Gonçalves Leal Dantas, Lívia Maria ^[2] ; Coutinho Freitas de Oliveira, Thiago ^[3] ; Gomes Barbosa, Ana Maria ^[4] ; Martins Monteiro Silva, Ana Carolina ^[5] ; de Azevedo, Tiago Geraldo ^[3] ; de Medeiros, Emerson Diógenes ^[5] ; Silva Alvarenga, Marco Antônio ^[3]
  1. [1] Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei - UFSJ, Departamento de Psicologia, São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brasil
  2. [2] Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba - UFDPar
  3. [3] Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei - UFSJ
  4. [4] Universidade Estadual do Piauí – UESPI, campus Prof. Antônio Giovanni Alves de Sousa, Piripiri, Brasil,Universidade Estadual do Piauí – UESPI, campus Prof. Antônio Giovanni Alves de Sousa, Piripiri, Brasil
  5. [5] Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba - UFDPar, Departamento de Psicologia, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brasil

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• Localización: Revista Portuguesa de Investigação Comportamental e Social: RPICS, ISSN-e 2183-4938, Vol. 11, Nº. 1, 2025 (Ejemplar dedicado a: May; 1–20)
• Idioma: portugués
• DOI: 10.31211/rpics.2025.11.1.368
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Maladaptive perfectionism and cognitive test anxiety in Brazilian undergraduates: The role of sex and age
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• Resumen
  • English

    Aim: This study investigated the extent to which maladaptive perfectionism predicts cognitive test anxiety, while controlling for the effects of sex and age, in undergraduate students from the inland region of Piauí, Brazil. Method: A total of 224 undergraduate students from the city of Piripiri, Piauí (Mage = 24.48; SD = 6.14) participated in the study. Most were female (77.7%), enrolled in public institutions (70.1%), and mainly pursuing degrees in Pedagogy (37.6%), Chemistry (11.6%), and Law (8.9%). Participants completed the short version of the Almost Perfect Scale, the Cognitive Test Anxiety Scale, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: Hierarchical multiple linear regression indicated that maladaptive perfectionism (β = 0.56; p < .001) and sex (β = -0.20; p < .001) were significant predictors of cognitive test anxiety, accounting for approximately 39% of the total variance. Conclusions: The results suggest that higher levels of maladaptive perfectionism are significantly associated with increased cognitive anxiety in evaluative contexts, particularly among female students. These findings highlight the need for future research exploring the underlying mechanisms of this association in university populations.

  • português

    Objetivo: Este estudo investigou em que medida o traço de personalidade perfeccionismo desadaptativo prediz a ansiedade cognitiva face a provas, controlando os efeitos das variáveis sexo e idade, em estudantes universitários do interior do Piauí Métodos: Participaram 224 estudantes universitários da cidade de Piripiri, Piauí, nordeste brasileiro (Midade = 24,48; DP = 6,14), sendo a maioria mulheres (77,7%), de instituições públicas (70,1%), e cursando principalmente Pedagogia (37,6%), Química (11,6) e Direito (8,9%). Aplicaram-se a versão breve da Escala de Quase Perfeição, a Escala de Ansiedade Cognitiva de Provas e um questionário sociodemográfico. Resultados: A regressão linear múltipla hierárquica indicou o perfeccionismo desadaptativo (b = 0,56; p < 0,001) e o sexo (b = -0,20; p < 0,001) como preditores significativos da ansiedade cognitiva, explicando cerca de 39% da variância total. Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem que níveis mais elevados de perfeccionismo desadaptativo se associam a maior ansiedade cognitiva em situações avaliativas, sobretudo em mulheres. Destaca-se a relevância de investigações futuras que explorem os mecanismos subjacentes a esta associação em populações universitárias.

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