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Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs), such as diabetes mellitus (DM), represent the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a significant increase in cases due to demographic transition and changes in lifestyle habits. This scenario impacts mortality rates and generates a large economic burden. Considered a Primary Care Sensitive Condition (PCSC), efficient management of DM in primary care is essential to prevent hospitalizations. This study analyzed the epidemiology of hospitalizations due to DM in the Northeast region of Brazil between 2012 and 2022. To this end, an ecological, retrospective and descriptive epidemiological study was conducted, based on secondary data obtained from the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS) through the DATASUS TABNET platform. The results indicated a stability in the number of hospitalizations, accompanied by a significant trend of reduction in person-year incidence. Most hospitalized patients were elderly, women and people of mixed race, with Bahia being the most impacted state. Most hospitalizations were emergency cases, and the mortality rate in hospitals remained stable during the period analyzed. The results will contribute to a better understanding of the impact of DM on regional public health, providing support for the formulation of more effective prevention and management policies.
