México
Este artículo se propone un doble objetivo, uno técnico y otro académico: 1) Establecer ciertos elementos para acceder y sistematizar estadísticamente la información de los expedientes socio-médicos recabada por el departamento de Trabajo Social hospitalario. 2) Explorar información obtenida de los expedientes socio-médicos de mujeres con embarazos antes de los 15 años, atendidas durante 2017 en tres nosocomios mexicanos, a fin de describir su perfil socioeconómico, educativo y de salud.
Las mujeres atendidas realizaron su transición a la vida adulta en el ámbito sexual y reproductivo antes de los 15 años. La mayoría tenía secundaria incompleta, vivía en unión libre o en soltería, se dedicaba al hogar y había tenido al menos cinco consultas prenatales. El 94% cursaba su primer embarazo; era alto el porcentaje que había resuelto sus gestas por medio de partos vaginales; pocas habían tenido cesáreas o abortos. Al finalizar su embarazo, un alto porcentaje usaba anticoncepción posparto. Es importante que la o el trabajador social sea metódico al momento del llenado del expediente socio-médico y sistematice la información para proponer acciones para prevenir futuras gestas a estas edades. Los hospitales deben reportar casos de abuso sexual en adolescentes embarazadas.
This article proposes a double objective, one technical and one academic: 1) To establish some elements to access and systematize statistically the information of socio-medical records collected by the Department of Hospital Social Work. 2) To explore information obtained from the socio-medical records of women with pregnancies before the age of 15, attended during 2017 in three hospitals in Mexico to describe their socioeconomic, educational, and health profile.
The women in question made their transition to adult sexual and reproductive life before the age of 15. Most of them had incomplete secondary education, lived in a free union or were single, worked at home, and had had at least five prenatal consultations. 94% of these women were in their first pregnancy; the percentage that had resolved their pregnancies through vaginal deliveries was high; only a few of them had had cesarean or abortions.
Once their babies were born, a high percentage used postpartum contraception. Social Workers must be methodical at the time of filling the socio-medical record and systematize the information to propose actions to prevent pregnancies in adolescence. Hospitals should report cases of sexual abuse in pregnant adolescents.